Prioritizing vigilance in two key sectors is crucial for fleets to thwart cyber threats in 2024.
In the rapidly evolving world of automotive technology, the threat landscape for fleet ecosystems has grown increasingly complex. According to Upstream Security's 2024 Global Automotive Cybersecurity Report, the primary threats to fleet ecosystems in 2024 include significant increases in cyber attacks, with 60% of all attacks having high or massive-scale impact and 92% executed remotely [1][4].
These attacks often involve large-scale ransomware incidents that disrupt the automotive industry broadly. The interconnected nature of software-defined vehicles (SDVs) means vulnerabilities in one element—such as third-party applications or EV charging stations—can cascade through an entire vehicle network, heightening risk for fleets. Cyberattacks could disable critical safety features, manipulate sensor data, or remotely control vehicle functions like door locks, posing serious safety threats to occupants, road users, and pedestrians [1][4].
The rise in cyberattacks reflects growing vehicle connectivity, Over-the-Air (OTA) updates, and complex software systems integrated into modern vehicles [1][2]. Commercial vehicle OEMs are leveraging advanced cybersecurity tools and solutions to safeguard the operational availability of fleets and safety. However, the supply chain and ecosystem players, from chip makers to service providers, require comprehensive cybersecurity testing and adherence to global standards like ISO/SAE 21434 and UNECE WP.29 to mitigate risks [1].
Data leakage is a significant risk in the charging process, as it involves personal identifiable information (PII) such as names, credit card/payment details, and location. In 2023, a global charging provider suffered a 1TB data leakage incident [2]. The charging network is another critical target for cyber-attacks, with both hardware and software components of charging stations being vulnerable.
The fleet ecosystem is a significant target for cybercriminals, affecting various stakeholders such as auto manufacturers, ride-hailing services, and local energy grids. Moving forward, threat actors are expected to attempt to disable charging stations or tamper with their activities. The Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) space, including Bluetooth connections and OTA remote software updates, are also potential attack targets [3].
To counter mounting cyber threats in the fleet ecosystem, the first step is establishing a Vehicle Security Operations Center (vSOC). OEMs are increasingly aware of cyber threats and are taking an active approach to cybersecurity. In China, the emergence of new regulations is helping expand the coverage of cybersecurity measures. The SEC requires companies to report cyber attacks within 96 hours, which has had a dramatic impact across the entire landscape [3].
The fleet ecosystem will face new attack vectors and targets in 2024, including APIs and the charging infrastructure. Expanding UNECE WP.29 R155 (UN Regulation No. 155) to two-wheelers is another sign of increased activity towards cyber threats on a broader scale [3]. Ransomware attacks were destructive in 2023, and 2024 is expected to have more attacks. There's been a 156% increase in deep and dark web activities related to automotive and smart mobility as compared to 2022 [3].
In conclusion, the most pressing cybersecurity threats in 2024 are remote, large-scale cyberattacks—especially ransomware—and vulnerabilities intrinsic to the highly connected, software-defined vehicle architecture. These trends emphasize the critical need for continuous monitoring, vulnerability assessments, and rapid incident response capability to secure fleet operations against these pervasive threats.
- To mitigate risks within fleet management systems in 2024, it's essential for telematics solutions in commercial vehicles to incorporate robust cybersecurity measures, given the anticipated rise in large-scale ransomware incidents and the interconnected nature of software-defined vehicles.
- In the realm of fleet management, fleet operators should employ fleet-wide cybersecurity strategies that encompass telematics, APIs, and charging infrastructure, as these components are identified as potential attack vectors and targets in the rapidly evolving threat landscape of 2024.
